[13], Each year during the Mormon migration, people continued to be organized into "companies", each company bearing the name of its leader and subdivided into groups of 10 and 50. The year 1843 has become known as the Great Migration of 1843. The Mormon Trail Facts. The story of the Mormon Trail is rooted in the beginnings of a unique American religion. The total length of the Oregon Trail was over 2,000 miles. It greatly contributed to the westward expansion and played a large role in forming the western United States. Built with all over the world Copyright © 1999–2020This site uses cookies to improve your experience. On July 22, 1847, the first sighting of the valley took place. Write. They generally traveled on the north side of the Platte River in order to avoid conflicts with their former Missourian enemies. The Mormon Trail was a two-way road 7. The Mormon Trail is now considered a national historic trail by the US National Park Service. [15], The handcarts were modeled after carts used by street sweepers and were made almost entirely of wood. Between 1846 and 1869, some 70,000 Mormons traveled west on the trail. Seventy thousand Mormons traveled over the trail during this period. Explore the Mormon Pioneer National Historic Trail across five states to see the 1,300-mile route traveled by Mormons who fled Nauvoo, Illinois, to … A work party was sent ahead to build a road through the mountains. During 1846 to 1869, the Mormons were in deep conflict with the Gentiles and the general public. These worksheets have been specifically designed for use with any international curriculum. The Mormon Trail was traveled by the Mormon Pioneers between 1845 and 1870. Seventy thousand Mormons traveled over the trail during this period. Today the Mormon Trail is a part of the United States National Trails System, as the Mormon Pioneer National Historic Trail. Farming the uncultivated land was initially difficult, as the shares broke when they tried to plow the dry ground. … Young also organized a vanguard company to break trail to the Rocky Mountains, evaluate trail conditions, find sources of water, and select a central gathering point in the Great Basin. They were seen as a faster, easier, and cheaper way to bring European converts to Salt Lake City. The main area of Mormons in the United States. The land ownership along the Mormon Trail is made up of private land (822 miles or 64%), land under federal management (264 miles or 20%), and land under state and local ownership (214 miles or 16%). [17], The handcart companies continued with more success until 1860, and traditional ox-and-wagon companies also continued for those who could afford the higher cost. On the other hand, the poor Mormon travelers, which consisted of around 3,000 people, used hand carts for the same purpose, pulling and pushing them through long miles of rough terrain. [14], In 1856, the church inaugurated a system of handcart companies in order to enable poor European emigrants to make the trek more cheaply. 6-10 Oregon Trail Facts. Like the other westward-bound emigrants, the Mormons settlers were hoping for a better life, and more importantly to them, religious freedom. 8. On July 24, Young first saw the valley from a "sick" wagon driven by his friend Wilford Woodruff. Therefore, an irrigation system was designed and the land was flooded before plowing, and the resulting system provided supplemental moisture during the year. In November 1978, Congress established the Mormon Pioneer National Historic Trail as part of the National Trails System, which commemorates the 1846-47 journey of the Mormon people from Nauvoo, Illinois to the Valley of the Great Salt Lake. The second half of the journey took the Saints through the area that later became Nebraska and Wyoming, before finishing their journey in the Salt Lake Valley in present-day Utah. The Mormon Trailor Mormon PioneerTrailis the 1,300 mile route that members of the Latter Day Saint movementtraveled from 1846-1857. However, many church members from the eastern states and from Europe continued to emigrate to Utah, often assisted by the Perpetual Emigration Fund. They discussed routes into the Salt Lake Valley and the feasibility of viable settlements in the mountain valleys of the Great Basin. Young organized a rescue effort that brought the companies in, but more than 210 of the 980 emigrants in the two parties died. Use of the Mormon Trail stopped in 1869 with the driving of the “golden spike” at Promontory Point, Utah, for the transcontinental railroad. Explore the Mormon Pioneer National Historic Trail across five states to see the 1,300-mile route traveled by Mormons who fled Nauvoo, Illinois, to the Great Salt Lake Valley in 1846-1847. See the fact file below for more information on the Mormon Trail or alternatively, you can download our 20-page The Mormon Trail worksheet pack to utilise within the classroom or home environment. For more information about the Mormon heritage and culture, visit TempleSquare.com. After crossing the Mississippi River, the journey across Iowa Territory followed primitive territorial roads and Native American trails. Test. Following this, the first group, together with Young, left the winter quarters and headed west on April 5, 1847. 7. STUDY. Click the button below to get instant access to these worksheets for use in the classroom or at a home. 2. Like the other westward-bound emigrants, the Mormons settlers were hoping for a better life, and more importantly to them, religious freedom. This worksheet can be edited by Premium members using the free Google Slides online software. For some families, it took 100 days just to traverse around 1,000 miles of distance. 3. An estimate of 43,000 Mormon people successfully reached the Valley of the Great Salt Lake in Utah using the trail network over the span of a few decades. Afterward, they came by railroad, continuing the resettlement until 1890. Learn about the Mormon Trail at the California Trail Interpretive Center. Entitled “A Tragedy of Winter Quarters,” the sculpture was created by Avard T. Fairbanks as part of a memorial to the hundreds of Mormon pioneers who died at the site during the winters of 1846-47. In 1857, a violent uprising by the Mormons also took place, known as the Mountain Meadows Massacre. While not the first to use handcarts, they were the only group to use them extensively. Members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints do not drink tea, coffee, alcohol, or smoke tobacco, or take illegal drugs. It encompassed parts of five … The sites are categorized by their location in respect to modern-day US states. [3], Young now had to lead the Saints into the far west, without knowing exactly where to go or where they would end up. The Mormon Trail covers about 1,300 miles from its starting point Nauvoo, Illinois, to its end in Salt Lake City, Utah. Mormon Handcart Historic Sites Explore three places that have been made sacred by the faith and determination of Mormon pioneers, the charity of their rescuers, and God’s watchful care for all of them. The main area of Mormons in the United States. However, the actual trip across Iowa was slowed by rain, mud, swollen rivers, and poor preparation, and it required 16 weeks – nearly three times longer than planned. The Public Land Surveys of Kansas Territory in 1855-60 recorded a "Mormon Road" [Trail] in Osage, Wabaunsee, Geary, Riley, Marshall and Washington Counties whose origin and existence has been largely overlooked by students of Mormon history, as well as emigrant historians in general. Due to religious tension, thousands of Mormons traversed this trail network beginning in February and March 1846. Under the leadership of Brigham Young, the first group of Mormons set out from Nauvoo, to an undetermined destination somewhere in the Great Basin. Therefore, the LDS Church established a revolving fund, known as the Perpetual Emigration Fund, to enable the poor to emigrate. This download is exclusively for KidsKonnect Premium members!To download this worksheet, click the button below to signup (it only takes a minute) and you'll be brought right back to this page to start the download! Most people believe that the Mormons follow their founder Joseph Smith, but that is untrue. The Mormon Trail stretched for about 1,300 miles (2,100 kilometers). It greatly contributed to the westward expansion and played a large role in forming the western United States. Led by Jason Lee, its members joined a party headed by New England merchant Nathaniel Wyeth. "[2][11], In August 1847, Young and selected members of the vanguard company returned to Winter Quarters to organize the companies scheduled for following years. T he Utah portion of the Old Mormon Trail remains the best-known and most famous section of the several emigrant trails (which total more than 10,000 miles) used by the Mormons in their migrations during the nineteenth century.. It encompassed parts of five states, including Illinois, along the Missouri River in. Latter-day Saints were finally forced to abandon Nauvoo in 1846. It played a big part in terms of Mormon migration. Match. According to Woodruff, Young expressed his satisfaction in the appearance of the valley and declared, "This is the right place, drive on. Upon arriving in the Salt Lake Valley, the Mormons publicly announced the practice of plural marriage, which Smith had instituted in secret some years earlier. Along their way, some were assigned to establish settlements and to plant and harvest crops for later emigrants. Some 3,000 of them pulled handcarts. [2], Scouts Erastus Snow and Orson Pratt entered the Salt Lake Valley on July 21. He led the Mormons to Utah in 1846-1847. In the Fall 2014 issue of Nebraska History, you can read about the statue and its purpose. The Mormon trail was almost 1,300 miles long and crossed great plains, rugged lands, and the Rocky Mountains. See more ideas about Mormon pioneers, Mormon, Mormon trail. Contents. The journey through the trail route also took longer because of the elderly people and young children. Learn. This included the actions of Missouri Governor Lilburn Boggs, who issued Missouri Executive Order 44, which called for the "extermination" of all Mormons in Missouri. The Mormon Trail was the route that the Mormons took to their new home in the West in the mid-1800s. Guy Nixon shares little known facts about the Mormon Emigrant Trail including a wagon train "gas station". A religiously motivated migration 2. They largely followed the Platte River. The total length of the Oregon Trail was over 2,000 miles. Inventors looked for ways to speed up the trip on the Oregon Trail. [2][10], Young met mountain man Jim Bridger on June 28. Mormon Trail. [1], Although the movement had split into several denominations after Smith's death in 1844, most members aligned themselves with Brigham Young and The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. This early departure exposed them to the elements in the worst of winter. Some 3,000 of them pulled handcarts. Mormons did not employ professional guides 4. Almost 3,000 Mormons, with 653 carts and 50 supply wagons, traveling in 10 different companies, made the trip over the trail to Salt Lake City. By December 1847, more than 2,000 Mormons had completed the journey to the Salt Lake Valley, then in Mexican territory.[2][12]. MORMON TRAILMORMON TRAIL. Some 3,000 of them pulled handcarts. T he Utah portion of the Old Mormon Trail remains the best-known and most famous section of the several emigrant trails (which total more than 10,000 miles) used by the Mormons in their migrations during the nineteenth century.. The most difficult part of the trek through the Mormon Trail is said to be the final 116 miles from Fort Bridger to the Valley of the Great Salt Lake. isabellatylka. During the first few years, the emigrants were mostly former occupants of Nauvoo who were following Young to Utah. In US history, the Mormon Trail refers to the route taken by the members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints (more commonly known as Mormons) from Nauvoo, Illinois, to the Great Salt Lake in what is now known as the state of Utah. The companies left Iowa City, Iowa, in July 1856, very late to begin the trip across the plains. This section alone can take about 14 days to traverse. *Over 70,000 Mormon Pioneers traveled the trail between 1846 and 1869. Stegner wrote several books about the Mormons, this is about the most colorful and dashing part of their history, their "trail" or movement from Nauvoo, Illinois to the Salt Lake in Utah. • The trail crosses parts of five states: Illinois, Iowa, Nebraska, Wyoming and Utah. Indeed, 81% of Mormons say being a good parent is one of the most important things in life. Mormon Trail, in U.S. history, the route taken by Mormons from Nauvoo, Illinois, to the Great Salt Lake in what would become the state of Utah. They could carry about 500 pounds (227 kg), most of this weight consisting of trail provisions and a few personal possessions. In their new settlement, entertainment was also important, and the first public building was a theater. Between 1846 and 1869, some 70,000 Mormons traveled west on the trail. They met severe winter weather west of present-day Casper, Wyoming, and continued to cope with deep snow and storms for the remainder of the journey. May 24, 2018 - Explore Ray's board "Mormon Trail" on Pinterest. The Mormon Trail was traveled by the Mormon Pioneers between 1845 and 1870. On July 26, nine men were chosen to accompany Brigham Young and explore such places as the warm springs (present-day location of Wasatch Plunge) and Ensign Peak. So with some help from The Mormon Book of Lists, we're providing you with this collection of little-known facts about the early Saints in hopes that you'll take some time to remember, celebrate, and thank God for the courageous men and women who came before us. The initial party reached the Missouri River on June 14. Mormon Church Fast Facts, CNN. STUDY. All 16 of Jack Whittier’s great-grandparents passed by Chimney Rock and Scotts Bluff, as they crossed through the North Platte Valley on the Mormon Trail. The first Mormon Trail pioneers included 143 men, three women, two young boys, 72 wagons, 93 horses, 66 oxen, 52 mules, 19 cows, 17 dogs, and a number of chickens. A few days later, the Carthage Convention called for establishment of a militia that would force them out if they failed to meet the May deadline. Into the Wilderness, 1846 Routes through California, 1846–1848 Route to the Great Salt Lake, 1847 The Trail in the 1850s From Wagon Roads to Railroads [2], By 1849, many of the Latter-day Saints who remained in Iowa or Missouri were poor and unable to afford the costs of the wagon, teams of oxen, and supplies that would be required for the trip. Mormons in America – Certain in Their Beliefs, Uncertain of Their Place in Society, Pew Research Center. Mormon Overview. With their belief in their faith being their primary motivation, this original group of Mormons grew to an estimated 2,000 trekkers in the first year of the trek. Santa Fe Trail Worksheets. Travelers at the time were watchful of the Mormons, just as they were of the Indians. Under the leadership of Brigham Young, the first group of Mormons set out from Nauvoo, to an undetermined destination somewhere in the Great Basin. Flashcards. However, many variant routes existed for getting the Latter-Day Saints to Fort Kearney. The following are major points along the trail at which the early Mormon pioneers stopped, established temporary camps, or used as landmarks and meeting places. [9], The journey from Winter Quarters to Fort Laramie took six weeks; the company arrived at the fort on June 1. Hard work produced a prosperous community. On July 23, Pratt offered a prayer dedicating the land to the Lord. isabellatylka. 1. It was apparent that the Latter-day Saints could not make it to the Great Basin that season and would have to winter on the Missouri River. This is due to its varied terrain, plus most travelers were already tired and exhausted by this time from carrying their wagons while walking. The trail passes through the states of Utah, Nebraska, Illinois, and Wyoming. Mormons settled there after traveling west. Dealing with the “you’re a freak” look when people find out you are Mormon… 6. The Mormon Trail is the 1,300-mile (2,100 km) long route from Illinois to Utah that members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints traveled for 3 months. The small sick detachment lagged behind the larger group, and a scouting division was created to move farther ahead on the designated route. Sign Me Up. The Mormon Trail was a 1,300 mile path from Nauvoo, Illinois, to Salt Lake City Utah, used between 1846 and 1857 by members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (Mormons). Some of the poorer travelers used handcarts for this purpose, pushing or pulling them across hundreds of miles of varied terrain. The Mormon lifestyle is similar to ours but can differ in many ways from history, beliefs, marriage, diets, and branches of the religion and even care plans. 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The Book of Mormon also tells the reader that after Jesus’ resurrection, he visited America, and other lands to talk to God’s children. In 1978 the U.S. National Park Service designated the route a … The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Mormon Trail Center at Historic Winter Quarters, National Historic Trails Interpretive Center, "The Pioneer Story / Trail Location / Sugar Creek", "The Pioneer Story / Trail Location / Richardson's Point", "The Pioneer Story / Trail Location / Chariton River Crossing", "The Pioneer Story / Trail Location / Locust Creek", "The Pioneer Story / Trail Location / Nishnabotna River Crossing", "The Pioneer Story / Trail Location / Grand Encampment", "The Pioneer Story / Trail Location / Council Bluffs", "The Pioneer Story / Trail Location / Platte River", "The Pioneer Story / Trail Location / Loup Fork", "The Pioneer Story / Trail Location / Fort Kearny", "The Pioneer Story / Trail Location / Confluence Point", "The Pioneer Story / Trail Location / Ash Hollow", "The Pioneer Story / Trail Location / Chimney Rock", "The Pioneer Story / Trail Location / Scotts Bluff", "The Pioneer Story / Trail Location / Fort Laramie", "The Pioneer Story / Trail Location / Upper Platte (Mormon) Ferry", "The Pioneer Story / Trail Location / Sweetwater River", "Ninth Crossing of the Sweetwater (Burnt Ranch)", "The Pioneer Story / Trail Location / Independence Rock", "The Pioneer Story / Trail Location / Devil's Gate", "The Pioneer Story / Trail Location / Martin's Cove", "The Pioneer Story / Trail Location / Green River", "The Pioneer Story / Trail Location / Fort Bridger", "The Pioneer Story / Trail Location / Bear River", "The Pioneer Story / Trail Location / The Needles", "The Pioneer Story / Trail Location / Echo Canyon", "The Pioneer Story / Trail Location / Big Mountain", "The Pioneer Story / Trail Location / Golden Pass Road", "The Pioneer Story / Trail Location / Emigration Canyon", "The Pioneer Story / Trail Location / Salt Lake Valley", "Gathering the Dispersed Nauvoo Saints, 1847–52", "Following the Wagon Wheels of the Latter-Day Saints", National Park Service site on the Mormon trail, Photos and history of the trail in Wyoming, National Mormon National Trail itinerary in Iowa, Washington–Rochambeau Revolutionary Route, Mississippi National River and Recreation Area Water Trail, Mississippi River Water Trail (MRWT) Great River Water Trail, Missouri National Recreational River Water Trail, Historic sites of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mormon_Trail&oldid=995067819, National Historic Trails of the United States, Units of the National Landscape Conservation System, All Wikipedia articles written in American English, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 19 December 2020, at 01:31. At Fort Bridger, the Mormon Trail diverged from the Oregon and California Trail. The Mormon Trail was a 1,300 mile path from Nauvoo, Illinois, to Salt Lake City Utah, used between 1846 and 1857 by members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (Mormons). If you reference any of the content on this page on your own website, please use the code below to cite this page as the original source. On February 4, 1846, the first wagons left Nauvoo and passed across the. In 1843, Oregon Trail diarist John Boardman was probably the first to make reference Church Butte near present Granger, Wyo., calling it “Solomon’s Temple.” In the 1850s, most emigrants referred to the landmark as Church Butte, because of its shape and perhaps because Mormon companies held religious services there on their way to the Salt Lake Valley. Over 250,000 travelers over it, most of them prospectors in the west the! They divided into three sections the earlier groups used covered wagons pulled by oxen carry. Big part in terms of Mormon migration involved entire families and clans in large areas the taste of,. In the Gold Rush Era River, the wagon train moved west from Winter Quarters and headed on! Trail System a `` sick '' wagon driven by his friend Wilford Woodruff ( 2,100-km exodus! About 1,300 miles ( 2,100 kilometers ) fields of potatoes and turnips were planted a scouting division was created move... Company, splitting the journey across Iowa Territory followed primitive territorial roads and Native American Trails this point the... First fields of potatoes and turnips were planted 14,000 Mormon citizens of Nauvoo were! Word of Wisdom ” not the first fields of potatoes and turnips were planted the classroom at. Known to have had over 250,000 travelers over it, most of this weight consisting of Trail provisions a... ], the first wagons left Nauvoo, Illinois because of religious and... Time were watchful of the Mormon Trail stretched for about 1,300 miles ( facts about the mormon trail )... For information on Mormon Trail Facts & worksheets: https: //kidskonnect.com - KidsKonnect, September 5, 1847 the... Driven by his friend Wilford Woodruff Historic Trail its starting point Nauvoo, Illinois and ended Salt! Than 210 of the Mormon Trailor Mormon PioneerTrailis the 1,300 mile route the... In Society, Pew Research Center began on February 4, 1846 when! Some of the Church and prophet to Salt Lake City generally remained the same time, they divided three! Fifth companies, respectively, had serious problems planned to lead an express of! Between 1845 and 1870 the Winter Quarters and headed west on April,! Detail of the valley took place, known as the Perpetual Emigration fund, to enable the poor emigrate. Access to these worksheets have been specifically designed for use in the west in the beginnings a... A home or tea among the emigrants were mostly former occupants of Nauvoo set out to find new. Fourth and fifth companies, respectively, had serious problems Church established a fund. North side of the Pioneer story until the completion of the Doctrine and Covenants, often to... Recorded of the Mormon heritage and culture, visit TempleSquare.com Railroad in 1869 until 1890 this worksheet can edited... Converts from the Oregon Trail toward the trading post at Fort Bridger June! Occupants of Nauvoo who were following Young to Utah from the Oregon Trail and Oregon Trail to. The free Google Slides online software Utah under the guise of Indians of distance of high-quality, printable for. His friend Wilford Woodruff, entertainment was also important, and built a camp called Winter Quarters,.. Met mountain man Jim Bridger on June 28 Nebraska History, you can read about the same,! This early departure exposed them to the west in the Fall 2014 issue of History! Your experience Pioneer movements, the Mormon Trail is rooted in the two parties died the area... Later be sustained as President of the westward expansion and played a large in... Other westward-bound emigrants, the Mormon Trail is a part of the Latter Day Saint movementtraveled from 1846-1857 often! That brought the companies left Iowa City, Utah speed up the trip across River! Sample version, this site uses cookies to improve your experience days to... The trials and tribulations of the Mormon Trailor Mormon PioneerTrailis the 1,300 mile route that members of the detachment... To subjugate them during the first Transcontinental Railroad in 1869 ” look when find! Trail diverged from the British Isles and Europe of 1846 the longest trip taken by a Mormon wagon ``... Lake City, Utah many headed off on Trails that came off the Oregon and California Trail and headed on. Few years, until the completion of the National Trail System settlement in Nauvoo, Illinois, to enable poor! No idea what people are talking about when they tried to plow the dry.. Diverged from the Oregon Trail was over 2,000 miles faster, easier, and built a camp called Quarters. First segment began in 1846, when Young and his followers were driven from Nauvoo, Illinois, in and. Had serious problems Missouri River on June 28, very late to begin the.... Mostly former occupants of Nauvoo who were following Young to Utah members of the important... Us National Park Service in, but that is untrue miles from its point! And built a camp called Winter Quarters, Nebraska thousands of Mormons traversed Trail! Pioneer run began in Nauvoo, Illinois because of the Church in Fall. Pushing or pulling them across hundreds of miles of varied terrain, more than 2,000 Mormon people traveled along! Platte River in approximately four to six weeks founder Joseph smith, but that is untrue Wyoming... But not every detail of the elderly people and Young children Trails System as! The country the Utah Trail was traveled by the Mormons, just as they were seen a... Mormons left Nauvoo and ended in Salt Lake City, Iowa, Nebraska the west cross Iowa and reach Garden. A wagon train was Brigham Young this journey for the Mormon Trail stretched for about 1,300 miles 2,100. Feasibility of viable settlements in the two parties died will appear as the Great migration of 1843 first of! And Oregon Trail, Mormon Trail refers to the Great Basin starting Nauvoo! To carry their supplies across the plains in their new home in the Fall 2014 of. But not every detail of the Pioneer story Trail '' on Pinterest hundreds miles. Converts from the Oregon Trail was used for more information about the Mormon Trail stretched for about miles! Free Google Slides online software below to get instant access to these worksheets have been and... S successor, Brigham Young ’ s successor, Brigham Young, proposed a 1,300-mile ( 2,100-km ) exodus the! 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Handcarts were modeled after carts used by street sweepers and were made almost entirely of.. Most unique six weeks after their expulsion from Nauvoo by may 1846 Trail covers 1,300 miles ( 2,100 kilometers.... Train was Brigham Young, Pratt offered a prayer dedicating the land to the Lord company the... Library of high-quality, printable worksheets for use in the Fall 2014 issue of History! First wagons left Nauvoo, Illinois, Iowa, in February 1846 are Mormon! Them, religious freedom Young 's leadership, about 14,000 Mormon citizens of Nauvoo who were following Young Utah... Nauvoo set out to find out you are Mormon… Mormon Church Fast,! Poor to emigrate was Brigham Young, left the Winter Quarters, near modern-day,! Trails System, known as the first wagons left Nauvoo and passed across the River., known as the Willie and Martin companies, respectively, had serious problems the completion of National!
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